{"title":"Studies","description":"\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFor the endlessly curious.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"isSelectedEnd\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePassage Studies is a collection of thoughtfully curated, self-paced courses designed for those who believe learning is one of life's great pleasures. Exploring history, art, literature, culture, and the ideas that have shaped our world, each course brings together engaging essays, carefully selected readings, lectures, and multimedia resources.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eStudy at your own pace, follow your curiosity, and deepen your understanding through optional quizzes and assessments. No classrooms, no deadlines—just the pleasure of knowing more.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"coming-soon-the-history-of-spain-the-online-independent-course","title":"Coming Soon - The History of Spain, The Online Independent Course","description":"\u003ch2\u003eThe History of Spain ✦ A Home PhD\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the curious traveler who wants to understand what lies behind the Roman walls, Islamic palaces, medieval cathedrals, royal plazas and distinctly regional identities of modern Spain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpain is often reduced to a collection of striking episodes: al-Andalus, the Catholic Monarchs, the Armada, the Civil War, Franco and the transition to democracy. This course connects those fragments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeginning with the earliest inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula, it follows the peoples, kingdoms, faiths and cultures that shaped Spain. It concludes with a clear introduction to the country today: the constitutional monarchy, parliamentary government and autonomous communities that make modern Spain both united and intensely regional.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe aim is not to memorize every monarch or military campaign. It is to acquire the historical framework that makes Spain more legible, whether you encounter it in a novel, a painting, a cathedral, a neighborhood or across a dinner table.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe course journey:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe earliest inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Greeks and Carthaginians\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRoman Hispania and its enduring roads, cities, laws and languages\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Visigoths and the world that followed Rome\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAl-Andalus: Islamic rule, intellectual exchange and architectural achievement\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Christian kingdoms and the long, complicated formation of Spain\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Catholic Monarchs, dynastic union and the year 1492\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Habsburgs, overseas empire and Spain’s Golden Age\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Bourbons, Enlightenment and attempts to reform the monarchy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Napoleonic invasion and Spain’s turbulent nineteenth century\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrialization, regional identities and the loss of empire\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Second Republic, Civil War and Franco dictatorship\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe transition to democracy and the Constitution of 1978\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContemporary Spain: monarchy, parliament and autonomous communities\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis course is for you if you want to:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTravel through Spain with a deeper understanding of what you are seeing\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecognize how Roman, Islamic, Jewish and Christian histories remain present in its cities\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand why regions such as Catalonia, the Basque Country, Galicia and Andalusia possess such distinctive identities\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePut Spain’s monarchs, artists, conflicts and cultural movements into a coherent chronology\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLearn seriously without enrolling in a conventional degree\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand why Spanish history rarely fits into the tidy national story you were expecting\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the end, you will have a working overview of Spanish history rather than a loose collection of conquistadors, kings, civil wars and beautiful buildings. You will be able to place major periods in context, recognize how the past continues to shape regional and national life, and approach Spain with a more informed traveler’s eye.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA Home PhD is a self-directed educational course, not an accredited degree or doctoral qualification.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PASSAGE Nº 1502","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":63200344965201,"sku":null,"price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0599\/6137\/6849\/files\/spainpassagecourseimage.png?v=1793039345"},{"product_id":"coming-soon-the-history-of-france-the-online-independent-course-copy","title":"Coming Soon - The History of France, The Online Independent Course","description":"\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1m8tyhq\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"287\" data-end=\"324\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThe History of France ✦ A Home PhD\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"326\" data-end=\"493\" class=\"\"\u003eFor the curious traveler who wants to understand what lies behind the cathedral, the château, the village square and the fact that France is now on its fifth republic.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"495\" data-end=\"674\"\u003eFrance is often presented as a collection of beautiful places and famous episodes: Versailles, the Revolution, Napoleon, the Resistance, Paris. This course connects the fragments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"676\" data-end=\"989\"\u003eBeginning with the earliest settlers, it traces how France developed through migration, conquest, belief, art, language, monarchy, revolution and cultural change. It concludes with a clear introduction to the structure of modern France: how the country is organized and how its present system of government works.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1230\"\u003eThe aim is not to memorize every king or become trapped in a thicket of dates. It is to acquire the historical framework that makes France more legible, whether you encounter it in a book, a painting, a church, a museum or on your travels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1232\" data-end=\"1255\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1232\" data-end=\"1255\"\u003eThe course journey:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1949\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1qtug0\" data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1331\"\u003eThe earliest inhabitants, Celtic societies and the world of Roman Gaul\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1b6j8y6\" data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1400\"\u003eThe Franks, Charlemagne and the beginnings of the French kingdom\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ook05m\" data-start=\"1401\" data-end=\"1479\"\u003eMedieval France: cathedrals, pilgrimage, courtly culture and everyday life\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"b5k66p\" data-start=\"1480\" data-end=\"1554\"\u003eThe Renaissance, religious conflict and the growing power of the crown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1a9nzm1\" data-start=\"1555\" data-end=\"1613\"\u003eVersailles, royal spectacle and the world of Louis XIV\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"aao9wu\" data-start=\"1614\" data-end=\"1680\"\u003eThe French Revolution and the transformation of French society\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hwm5fy\" data-start=\"1681\" data-end=\"1743\"\u003eNapoleon, empire and France’s unsettled nineteenth century\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1sky2oc\" data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1811\"\u003eIndustrialization, artistic movements and the remaking of Paris\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1espjz8\" data-start=\"1812\" data-end=\"1872\"\u003eFrance through two world wars, occupation and resistance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"d1nvk3\" data-start=\"1873\" data-end=\"1949\"\u003ePostwar France, the Fifth Republic and the structure of government today\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1951\" data-end=\"1993\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1951\" data-end=\"1993\"\u003eThis course is for you if you want to:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1995\" data-end=\"2452\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"c83b7h\" data-start=\"1995\" data-end=\"2063\"\u003eTravel through France with a deeper sense of what you are seeing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"w0xfug\" data-start=\"2064\" data-end=\"2159\"\u003eUnderstand the historical references that appear in French art, literature and architecture\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1b89c4z\" data-start=\"2160\" data-end=\"2228\"\u003ePut familiar names, places and events into a coherent chronology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4y97sb\" data-start=\"2229\" data-end=\"2291\"\u003eLearn seriously without enrolling in a conventional degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1u3yblm\" data-start=\"2292\" data-end=\"2369\"\u003eUnderstand modern France as the result of centuries of accumulated change\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"kmpz1o\" data-start=\"2370\" data-end=\"2452\"\u003eReturn from a museum with more than photographs and a mildly heroic step count\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2454\" data-end=\"2759\"\u003eBy the end, you will have a working overview of French history rather than a loose collection of kings, revolutions and picturesque buildings. You will be able to place major periods in context, recognize how the past remains visible in the present and approach France with a more informed traveler’s eye.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2761\" data-end=\"2864\"\u003e\u003cem data-start=\"2761\" data-end=\"2864\"\u003eA Home PhD is a self-directed educational course, not an accredited degree or doctoral qualification.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2866\" data-end=\"3019\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003eI have deliberately not added a price, number of units, workload, assignments or delivery platform because those details need to match the actual course.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PASSAGE Nº 1502","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":63231197675601,"sku":null,"price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0599\/6137\/6849\/files\/HistoryofFranceCourseImage_681d12e6-b03c-43af-a172-82fab1e17a87.png?v=1793094435"},{"product_id":"coming-soon-the-history-of-the-united-kingdom-the-online-independent-course","title":"Coming Soon - The History of the United Kingdom, The Online Independent Course","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"relative basis-auto flex-col -mb-(--composer-overlap-px) pb-(--composer-overlap-px) [--composer-overlap-px:28px] grow flex\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex min-h-0 grow flex-col text-sm\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6ade4c6d-ffc8-83ed-94ec-149ae9ac75c7-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [\u0026amp;:has([data-writing-block])\u0026gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6ade4c6d-ffc8-83ed-94ec-149ae9ac75c7-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6ade4c6d-ffc8-83ed-94ec-149ae9ac75c7-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-18\" data-turn=\"assistant\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\" class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-0 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;.text-message:has(+div:not(.text-message))]:pb-4 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;[data-streaming-response-group]:has(+div:not(.text-message))\u0026gt;.text-message:last-child]:pb-4 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;div:has([data-image-gen-result])+[data-model-dil-v2-message]]:mt-2 grow\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"TzNmiG_container gap-0 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;.text-message:has(+div:not(.text-message))]:pb-4 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;[data-streaming-response-group]:has(+div:not(.text-message))\u0026gt;.text-message:last-child]:pb-4 [\u0026amp;\u0026gt;div:has([data-image-gen-result])+[data-model-dil-v2-message]]:mt-2\" data-streaming-response-group=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"c6da0180-6d9a-4d13-9d03-165593d6570d\" data-markdown-talvt-message-id=\"c6da0180-6d9a-4d13-9d03-165593d6570d\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\" dir=\"auto\" class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+\u0026amp;]:mt-1\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"LR5Y_W_content markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-section-id=\"1u4svyo\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"49\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eThe History of the United Kingdom ✦ A Home PhD\u003cspan aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"51\" data-end=\"266\"\u003eFor the curious traveler who wants to understand what lies behind the stone circles, ruined abbeys, royal palaces, industrial cities and complicated relationships among England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"268\" data-end=\"452\"\u003eThe United Kingdom is often presented as though its history were simply the history of England, with a few crowns and castles added for atmosphere. This course tells the broader story.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"454\" data-end=\"781\"\u003eBeginning with the earliest inhabitants of the British Isles, it follows the migrations, invasions, kingdoms, religious changes and unions that eventually produced the modern United Kingdom. It concludes with a clear introduction to the country today: its constitutional monarchy, parliamentary government and devolved nations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"783\" data-end=\"1034\"\u003eThe aim is not to memorize every monarch, battle or prime minister. It is to acquire the historical framework that makes the United Kingdom more legible, whether you encounter it in a novel, a portrait, a cathedral, a country house or on your travels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1059\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1059\"\u003eThe course journey:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1061\" data-end=\"2059\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1lfa4ep\" data-start=\"1061\" data-end=\"1135\"\u003eThe earliest inhabitants, prehistoric monuments and Iron Age societies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1ojerd4\" data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1185\"\u003eRoman Britain and the limits of imperial rule\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"fb2ogx\" data-start=\"1186\" data-end=\"1259\"\u003eAnglo-Saxon kingdoms, Celtic cultures and the arrival of Christianity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1knmy0r\" data-start=\"1260\" data-end=\"1304\"\u003eViking settlement, conflict and exchange\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"f9wf32\" data-start=\"1305\" data-end=\"1371\"\u003eThe Norman Conquest and the transformation of medieval England\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2g3yv\" data-start=\"1372\" data-end=\"1452\"\u003eMedieval England, Scotland and Wales: crowns, borders and competing kingdoms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"5l5knf\" data-start=\"1453\" data-end=\"1504\"\u003eThe Tudors, Renaissance and English Reformation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"n3tkbt\" data-start=\"1505\" data-end=\"1564\"\u003eThe Stuarts, the union of the crowns and the Civil Wars\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"etxntj\" data-start=\"1565\" data-end=\"1635\"\u003eRevolution, restoration and the development of parliamentary power\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1bjg1aq\" data-start=\"1636\" data-end=\"1691\"\u003eThe Acts of Union and the creation of Great Britain\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1h65mey\" data-start=\"1692\" data-end=\"1739\"\u003eEmpire, trade and the Industrial Revolution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"ktlfuc\" data-start=\"1740\" data-end=\"1802\"\u003eVictorian society, reform and the height of imperial power\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1hg9lny\" data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1855\"\u003eTwo world wars and the reshaping of British life\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"jq187z\" data-start=\"1856\" data-end=\"1921\"\u003eThe welfare state, decolonization and postwar cultural change\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"a3vyt0\" data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1979\"\u003eNorthern Ireland and the complex history of the Union\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1otxhax\" data-start=\"1980\" data-end=\"2059\"\u003eContemporary Britain: monarchy, Parliament, devolution and the four nations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2061\" data-end=\"2103\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2061\" data-end=\"2103\"\u003eThis course is for you if you want to:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"2105\" data-end=\"2704\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"us5fkp\" data-start=\"2105\" data-end=\"2193\"\u003eTravel through the United Kingdom with a deeper understanding of what you are seeing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"phaify\" data-start=\"2194\" data-end=\"2246\"\u003eDistinguish British history from English history\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"2glk64\" data-start=\"2247\" data-end=\"2335\"\u003eUnderstand how England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland came to share one state\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1xi0a7p\" data-start=\"2336\" data-end=\"2436\"\u003eRecognize the historical forces behind castles, cathedrals, country houses and industrial cities\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"j4dzbq\" data-start=\"2437\" data-end=\"2532\"\u003ePut familiar monarchs, writers, conflicts and cultural movements into a coherent chronology\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"4y97sb\" data-start=\"2533\" data-end=\"2595\"\u003eLearn seriously without enrolling in a conventional degree\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-section-id=\"1cjankk\" data-start=\"2596\" data-end=\"2704\"\u003eFinally understand why Britain has a king, a Parliament, four nations and no single written constitution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2706\" data-end=\"3040\"\u003eBy the end, you will have a working overview of the United Kingdom’s history rather than a loose collection of Romans, Tudors, wars and royal weddings. You will be able to place major periods in context, recognize how the past continues to shape national identities and approach the United Kingdom with a more informed traveler’s eye.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3042\" data-end=\"3145\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"\u003e\u003cem data-start=\"3042\" data-end=\"3145\" data-is-last-node=\"\"\u003eA Home PhD is a self-directed educational course, not an accredited degree or doctoral qualification.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"PASSAGE Nº 1502","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":63231590170705,"sku":null,"price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0599\/6137\/6849\/files\/HistoryofUKCourse_1.png?v=1793094976"},{"product_id":"coming-soon-the-history-of-the-united-kingdom-the-online-independent-course-copy","title":"Coming Soon - The History of Greece, The Online Independent Course","description":"\u003ch2\u003eThe History of Greece ✦ A Home PhD\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the curious traveler who wants to understand what lies beyond the temples, myths, island villages, Byzantine churches and fragments of marble that appear almost everywhere in Greece.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreek history is often treated as though it ended with the ancient world. Athens invents democracy, Alexander conquers an empire, Rome arrives and the curtain falls. This course follows the much longer story.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeginning with the earliest inhabitants of the Greek world, it traces the civilizations, city-states, empires, faiths and cultural exchanges that shaped Greece across thousands of years. It concludes with a clear introduction to the modern Greek state, its parliamentary government and its place in contemporary Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe aim is not to memorize every battle, philosopher or figure from mythology. It is to acquire the historical framework that makes Greece more legible, whether you encounter it in a poem, a museum, an archaeological site, an Orthodox church or on your travels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe course journey:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe earliest inhabitants of the Aegean world\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Minoans, Mycenaeans and the civilizations of the Bronze Age\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Greek Dark Age, oral tradition and the world of Homer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rise of the polis and the spread of Greek settlements\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAthens, Sparta and the Persian Wars\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClassical Greece: democracy, philosophy, theatre, art and daily life\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Peloponnesian War and the rivalry of the city-states\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMacedonia, Philip II and Alexander the Great\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Hellenistic world and the spread of Greek language and culture\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGreece under Roman rule\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Byzantine Empire, Orthodox Christianity and medieval Greek identity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOttoman rule, regional communities and cultural survival\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe War of Independence and the creation of the modern Greek state\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMonarchy, expansion and the turbulent early twentieth century\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOccupation, resistance, civil war and military dictatorship\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe restoration of democracy and modern Greece\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContemporary Greece: parliament, the presidency and the European Union\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis course is for you if you want to:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTravel through Greece with a deeper understanding of what you are seeing\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConnect the ancient, Byzantine, Ottoman and modern layers of Greek history\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand the world behind its temples, monasteries, town squares and archaeological sites\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePut familiar philosophers, rulers, myths and conflicts into a coherent chronology\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiscover why Greek history did not stop with marble columns and men in sandals\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLearn seriously without enrolling in a conventional degree\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand how the ancient past continues to shape modern Greek identity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy the end, you will have a working overview of Greek history rather than a loose collection of gods, philosophers, ruins and islands. 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